History of Cycling: From Invention to Global Sport

Cycling has evolved over more than two centuries — from an experimental contraption to a global pastime, mode of transport, and elite sport. Here’s a look at its fascinating journey:

1. The Early Inventions (1817–1860s)

• 1817: The Draisine (Running Machine)
  Invented by German Karl Drais, the Draisine or “hobby horse” was a two-wheeled, pedal-less wooden vehicle pushed by feet. It was the first steerable, human-propelled machine — considered the ancestor of the bicycle.

• 1860s: The Velocipede (Boneshaker)
  Pedals were added to the front wheel in France. Known as the “boneshaker” for its rough ride, it had a wooden frame and iron-rimmed wheels.

2. The Penny-Farthing Era (1870s–1880s)

• Known for its giant front wheel and tiny rear wheel, the penny-farthing allowed greater speed but was dangerous due to its high center of gravity.

• Popular with adventurous young men and early racers.